Unlocking the Therapeutic Power of Coriander: A Review of Coriandrum Sativum’s Bioactive Compounds and Health Benefits

Coriander seed (Sativum) Lin (C. sativum), a plant of the umbelliferae/apiaceae family, is one of the most valuable medicinal herbs and spices that produces essential oils. The plant is used as a spice in food preparation and its leaves and seeds are also frequently utilised in medicine. The C. sativum is grown in India, Denmark, Ireland, Ukraine, Greece, Italy, Afghanistan, China, and Pakistan. Because it keeps food from spoiling, it is essential to preserving food's shelf life. Numerous beneficial and bioactive chemical components, including linalool, p-cymene, myrcene, tridecenal, terpinen-4-ol, camphor, linalyl acetate, limonene, 2-decenoic acid, 2-dodecenal and etc. Both volatile and essential oils with significant therapeutic importance can be found in excess in coriander seeds. In India, the herb that is most readily available is coriander. Moreover, essential oils contain phenolics, alkaloids, phenolics, flavonoids, fatty acids, steroids, glycosides, tannins, and reducing sugars. It also offers nutritional advantages, such as a range of vitamins, minerals, proteins, fats, carbohydrates, and fibres. Because of its several therapeutic uses, coriander is utilized as an antibiotic, antifungal, antioxidant, and digestive help during the process of digestion. This review article covers the morphology, phytochemical screening, extraction technique, and various pharmacological actions of the coriander plant.