Risks and Safeguards in Using Generative Artificial Intelligence: A Basis for Ethical Guidelines

This descriptive study ‘Risks and Safeguards in Using Generative Artificial Intelligence: A Basis for Ethical Guidelines’ explored the common generative AI tools used, the uses of these tools in language learning, the risks encountered by English language learners, and the safeguards they employed as bases in developing ethical guidelines in the use of generative artificial intelligence. Data were collected through interviews and focus group discussions. Fifteen English language learners from the five purposively selected higher education institutions in Bohol, Philippines participated in the study. Employing reflexive thematic analysis (Braun & Clarke), the findings revealed that the GenAI tools used by the learners were ChatGPT, Gemini, Perplexity, Cici, Copilot, Gamma AI, and DeepAI. They used these tools for language learning development, academic writing and research, lesson preparation and study, and creative material development. The identified risks of using GenAI included academic integrity threats, ethical issues, detriments to learning skills development, information quality and reliability concerns, and personal and social implications. To address these risks, they strongly suggested the teachers’ use of proactive pedagogy and assessments and that schools provide the necessary institutional and education support for responsible and effective AI use. They also employed critical and responsible use of GenAI, transparency of AI Use and adherence toAI ethicsfor academic integrity careful adherence toAI ethics for academic integrity. They also conducted AI detection test for output verification. Based on the findings, it was concluded that the GenAI promised a transformative potential in redefining the traditional English language education. However, the risks in using AI were alarming as the learners had grown dependent on AI that posed a pressing concern of trading human connection for technological expediency. The researcher recommended that schools must develop and implement comprehensive AI literacy programs and AI utilization framework with ethical guidelines to sustain conscious efforts to leverage AI in English language education without compromising academic integrity and human connection.