Depigmentation Therapies: Exploring Biochemical Pathways, Classification and Medical Interventions for Skin Health

The perception of white skin as a standard of beauty has led to a significant consumer demand for skin whitening agent products, contributing to the ongoing expansion of cosmeceuticals market. In this market, hundreds of businesses have created and introduced products. Skin whitening refers to the process of lightening skin complexion through artificial methods, including creams, lotions, soaps, and injections. Among the many uses for skin care cosmetics are anti-oxidants, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, and antiseptic properties. Vitamins are also included in the formulation of skin care cosmetics. Melanin, the pigment that gives skin, hair, and eyes color, is produced by body cells, which can be damaged, causing skin to become darker or lighter. The essential enzyme for the formation of melanin is tyrosinase. Skin whitening is caused by tyrosine inhibitors, which decrease or prevent the formation of melanin. Many strong tyrosinase inhibitors come from natural, semi-natural, and synthetic sources. The natural cosmetics industry is expanding, and it is manufacturing skin whitening products that replace harsh chemicals with natural plant extracts. This study objectives were to analyze recent findings on natural skin-whitening treatments and investigate its constituents.