Enhancing Underwater Communication through MIMO Technology Utilizing Diverse Modulation Schemes

Visible Light Communication (VLC) using Laser and Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) technology has shown great potential for underwater communication due to its high data rates and strong noise immunity. VLC employs visible light for data transmission, while MIMO enhances performance by using multiple transmitting and receiving elements to mitigate multipath fading, thereby improving reliability and throughput. This paper presents a performance analysis of a MIMO-VLC system using Amplitude Shift Keying (ASK), Phase Shift Keying (PSK), and Minimum Shift Keying (MSK) modulation schemes. The Q-factor and Bit Error Rate (BER) were evaluated across various link ranges, with a focus on a 50 km link. At this distance, Q-factor values were measured at 15.3184 for ASK, 11.5334 for MSK, and 14.2969 for PSK, with respective BER differences. These results demonstrate the relative effectiveness of different modulation techniques for reliable data transmission in underwater environments. The study also includes eye diagrams for each modulation scheme at a 50 km link range, further validating the findings. The comparative analysis emphasizes the advantages of ASK and PSK over MSK in terms of Q-factor performance and highlights the importance of selecting appropriate modulation schemes for optimized underwater communication systems.