Nanoparticles in Endodontics

Nanotechnology has emerged as a transformative innovation in endodontics, significantly enhancing the effectiveness of root canal treatments and promoting tissue regeneration. The application of nanomaterials in endodontic procedures offers improved disinfection, enhanced mechanical properties of dental materials, and potential for regenerative healing. Due to their small size and large surface area, nanoparticles can deeply penetrate dentinal tubules, providing superior antimicrobial action and reducing the risk of reinfection compared to conventional methods. Nanomaterials also enhance the strength, fracture resistance, and adhesion of root canal sealers, thus increasing the durability of treatments. Moreover, nanotechnology shows promise in pulp tissue regeneration by facilitating targeted drug delivery and supporting stem cell differentiation. Despite these advancements, challenges regarding the safety, toxicity, and long-term biocompatibility of nanoparticles remain, necessitating ongoing research. This review explores the current applications and future potential of nanotechnology in endodontics, highlighting its transformative role in improving root canal therapy outcomes and advancing dental care.