Nano-Emulgel Formulation of Azithromycin with Eugenol: A Novel Approach for Periodontitis Treatment

Periodontitis is a serious gum disease that causes inflammation and can lead to tooth loss if not treated properly. Traditional treatments, like deep cleaning and antibiotics, have some downsides—antibiotics which do not reach deep into the gums effectively and can cause unwanted side effects in the body. This study looks at a new way to treat periodontitis using a special gel called a nano-emulgel. This gel combines tiny droplets of medicine (nanoemulsion) with a gel base, making it easier for the medicine to stay on the gums and work for a longer time. The gel contains azithromycin, an antibiotic, and eugenol, a natural compound with anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties (found in clove oil). To make the gel, scientists used Carbopol 940 (a thickening agent), Tween-80, and PEG-400 (which help mix the ingredients). When tested, the gel had a good pH balance (7.24), spread easily, and remained stable without separating. The combination of azithromycin and eugenol improved the medicine’s effectiveness and helped reduce inflammation. Overall, this nano-emulgel could be a better way to treat periodontitis by delivering medicine directly to the gums, avoiding the side effects of traditional antibiotics. More clinical studies are needed to confirm its safety and effectiveness before it can be widely used.