A Descriptive Study of the Treatment of Subtrochanteric Fractures in Elderly Patients Using the Sign Nail Method at the Abulali Sina Provincial Teaching Hospital in Mazar-i-Sharif During the Year 2024

Subtrochanteric fractures are among the common orthopedic injuries in adults and the elderly, and due to the unique biomechanical characteristics of this region, their treatment is challenging. This study aims to assess the prevalence, demographic characteristics, and treatment success of this type of fracture using the Nail SIGN method at the Abulali Sina Provincial Teaching Hospital in 2024. This is a Descriptive Retrospective study using a Case Series method, conducted on 150 patients with closed Subtrochanteric fractures who were admitted and underwent surgery at this hospital during 2024. Consecutive sampling was used, and data were extracted by reviewing patients' files. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software, and the results are presented in the form of tables and graphs. The findings revealed that the incidence of closed Subtrochanteric fractures in the orthopedic department of the hospital was 1.5%, which aligns with similar studies in Bangladesh (1.8%), Zimbabwe (1.9%), and Tanzania (3.2%). The highest incidence was observed in individuals aged 5 to 30 years (34.2%), which is consistent with studies in Bangladesh and Zimbabwe. The majority of patients were male (92.3%), and only 7.7% were female. The largest number of patients were from Mazar-i-Sharif (45.3%). Additionally, in 60% of cases, the Nail SIGN method was used, which has partial consistency with studies in Bangladesh (93.55%) and Tanzania (52%). Based on the results, the Nail SIGN method for treating closed Subtrochanteric fractures is considered reliable and effective. This method not only demonstrates a high success rate but also reports minimal complication rates. Further studies with a larger sample size are recommended to confirm these findings.