Carcinogenic and Non-Carcinogenic Health Risks of Cadmium and Lead Exposure from Hair Dyes

Hair dye is a cosmetic product used for coloring hair, which can be temporary or permanent. It is quite trendy because they give the person a different look and possibly add hair volume, despite the fact that there are underlying toxic chemicals that can be absorbed through the scalp or inhaled as fumes. The use of toxic chemicals for producing hair dyes may result in an increase of carcinogenesis. This study aims to provide a carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risk assessment of human exposure to lead and cadmium present in hair dye. This systematic review utilized 10 different scientific papers, 4 studies for qualitative data, and 6 studies for quantitative data. Qualitative data included the frequency of use, reasons for hair dyeing, carcinogenic awareness, and impacts on hair quality and human health. For quantitative data, level of cadmium and lead concentration in black hair dye. Findings show that people tend to dye their hair due to fashion statements and look younger, with a low level of carcinogenic awareness in hair dye ingredients. Also, adults show a higher exposure to cadmium and lead from hair dye than children. As a result of the tabulated data in hazard quotient, nothing surpasses the 1 or above limit. It shows that the black hair dye is all safe. The findings underscore the importance of increasing public awareness regarding the potential carcinogenic risks of hair dye ingredients and promoting safer practices in hair dye usage.