Review on Synthesis and Application of Azo Dyes Derived from Some Natural Phenols Like Carvacrol Eugenol and Thymol

Azobenzene motifs have a broad application across numerous scientific domains. Azo compounds are useful in the chemical industry because of their significant properties. Aromatic azo compounds have primarily been used as dyes since their discovery. The azo coupling reaction is the conventional process of creating azo compounds by combining diazonium salts with activated aromatic compounds such as arylamines and phenol. Reaction between a diazonium salt and another substance that contains an aromatic ring titled as a coupling agent. Combining benzene diazonium salt, alkaline phenol, and amines produced Yellow, red, and orange azo compounds. The synthesis and use of azo dyes derived from natural phenols, such as thymol, carvacrol, and eugenol, as coupling agents are summarized in this review. Thymol, eugenol, and carvacrol are some examples of naturally occurring ten-carbon phenols that occur in the essential oils of a variety of plants. These adaptable molecules find use in the agricultural, pharmaceutical, fragrance, cosmetic, and flavor industries as well as in many food products as helpful ingredients. They have numerous biological and pharmacological actions, including anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, analgesic, anticancer, and antioxidant effects.