From Theory to Practice: Exploring Criminology Students’ Experiences During Internship Program

This study examined how criminology interns apply academic knowledge in real-world law enforcement settings in a private higher educational institution in Misamis Occidental, Philippines. Using a qualitative case study design, purposive sampling selected eight criminology interns, one internship coordinator, and one public safety supervisor. Data from in-depth interviews were analyzed using Yin’s (2014) case study method, thematic analysis, and data triangulation. Findings revealed six key themes: navigating the gap between theory and practice, transformative learning through mentorship, cognitive and ethical integration, applying knowledge and teamwork in field tasks, strategic adaptation, and developing core professional competencies. The study concludes that while challenges persist in bridging theory and practice, structured mentorship, immersive field exposure, and supportive environments enhance students' competence and readiness. It recommends strengthening curricula, fostering school-agency partnerships, and promoting holistic, competency-based training.